目前煙氣脫硫的方式有許多種，像是濕法脫硫、干法脫硫等等。小編在這里就幾種較常見的煙氣脫硫方式做一下簡(jiǎn)單介紹。
At present, there are many ways of flue gas desulfurization, such as wet desulfurization, dry desulfurization and so on. Here is a brief introduction of several common flue gas desulfurization methods.
一、濕法脫硫目前較為常見的是鈣法脫硫，氨法脫硫，堿法脫硫。
1、 At present, the common wet desulfurization methods are calcium desulfurization, ammonia desulfurization and alkali desulfurization.
首先介紹一下鈣法脫硫。鈣法脫硫在我國(guó)煙氣脫硫領(lǐng)域占據(jù)了較大的份額。究其原因主要是鈣法脫硫在國(guó)內(nèi)應(yīng)用的較早，技術(shù)也比較成熟，投資費(fèi)用也較低。鈣法脫硫的原料是氧化鈣，原料價(jià)格比較便宜也易取。其脫硫效率也較高，一般在95%左右。其處理的煙氣硫含量一般在3000mg/Nm以下，其原理是煙氣在脫硫塔內(nèi)通過噴淋層與脫硫液接觸，脫除煙氣中的二氧化硫，生成副產(chǎn)物硫酸鈣。鈣法脫硫在脫硫過程中需要將氧化鈣熟化，因此其需要脫硫液的制備，這就需要建設(shè)熟化池和沉淀池，因此其占地較大，并且有外排水的產(chǎn)生。其副產(chǎn)物硫酸鈣也就是石膏，目前處于飽和趨勢(shì)，銷售價(jià)格較低，或是企業(yè)作為固廢投資處理。這是鈣法脫硫目前面臨的一大問題。
First of all, the calcium desulfurization method is introduced. Calcium desulfurization occupies a large share in the field of flue gas desulfurization in China. The main reason is that calcium desulfurization was applied earlier in China, the technology is relatively mature, and the investment cost is low. The raw material of calcium method desulfurization is calcium oxide, which is cheap and easy to get. Its desulfurization efficiency is also high, generally about 95%. The sulfur content of the treated flue gas is generally less than 3000mg / nm. The principle is that the flue gas contacts with the desulfurization liquid through the spray layer in the desulfurization tower to remove the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and generate the by-product calcium sulfate. In the process of desulfurization, calcium oxide needs to be matured, so it needs the preparation of desulfurization solution, which requires the construction of maturation tank and sedimentation tank, so it occupies a large area and has the generation of external drainage. Its by-product calcium sulfate, namely gypsum, is in the trend of saturation at present, and its sales price is relatively low, or it is treated as solid waste investment by enterprises. This is a major problem of calcium desulfurization.
氨法脫硫主要應(yīng)用于化工行業(yè)，其原因主要是化工行業(yè)一般有氨水的制備或是廢氨水的產(chǎn)生，相較于其他行業(yè)而言，化工行業(yè)使用氨法脫硫的脫硫劑投資要低。氨法脫硫相較于鈣法脫硫而言其脫硫效率要更高，一般在97%左右的效率，并且其處理的煙氣硫含量也較鈣法脫硫高。氨法脫硫的脫硫塔為填料塔，相較鈣法脫硫的空塔噴淋其塔內(nèi)有明顯的分段結(jié)構(gòu)。氨法脫硫的副產(chǎn)物為硫酸銨，可作為化肥或復(fù)合肥使用。氨法脫硫過程中無三廢的產(chǎn)生，是目前濕法脫硫中比較清潔且具有經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的脫硫方式。隨著碳排放的控制越來越嚴(yán)格，氨法脫硫有望成為一種應(yīng)用廣泛的脫硫方式。
Ammonia desulfurization is mainly used in the chemical industry, the main reason is that the chemical industry generally has the preparation of ammonia or the production of waste ammonia. Compared with other industries, the investment of desulfurization agent using ammonia desulfurization in the chemical industry is lower. The desulfurization efficiency of ammonia method is higher than that of calcium method, generally about 97%, and the sulfur content of flue gas treated by ammonia method is also higher than that of calcium method. The desulfurization tower of ammonia desulfurization is packed tower, which has obvious sectional structure compared with the empty tower of calcium desulfurization. The by-product of ammonia desulfurization is ammonium sulfate, which can be used as chemical fertilizer or compound fertilizer. No three wastes are produced in the process of ammonia desulfurization, which is a clean and economic way in wet desulfurization. With more and more strict control of carbon emission, ammonia desulfurization is expected to become a widely used desulfurization method.
堿法脫硫與鈣法脫硫形式相同，只不過脫硫劑不同，一般而言，堿法脫硫和鈣法脫硫都需要配合濕電除塵器來滿足出口顆粒物的達(dá)標(biāo)排放。
The forms of alkali desulfurization and calcium desulfurization are the same, but the desulfurizer is different. Generally speaking, both alkali desulfurization and calcium desulfurization need to cooperate with wet electrostatic precipitator to meet the emission standard of export particles.
二、干法脫硫目前應(yīng)用較廣泛的為鈉基干法脫硫、活性焦（碳）脫硫
2、 At present, sodium based dry desulfurization and activated coke (carbon) desulfurization are widely used
鈉基干法脫硫又名SDS干法脫硫，因其設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)單，占地面積小，投資低而適用于低硫含量的煙氣脫硫領(lǐng)域，應(yīng)用較為廣泛的為鋼鐵行業(yè)，焦化爐，燃?xì)忮仩t等。該種脫硫方式可通過研磨機(jī)和輸送風(fēng)機(jī)將研磨達(dá)標(biāo)的物料輸送至煙道內(nèi)在干態(tài)下與煙氣中的二氧化硫反應(yīng)，其脫硫效率也較高一般是在90%以上。
Sodium based dry desulfurization, also known as SDS dry desulfurization, is suitable for flue gas desulfurization with low sulfur content because of its simple equipment, small footprint and low investment. It is widely used in iron and steel industry, coking furnace, gas-fired boiler, etc. This kind of desulfurization method can transport the material which meets the grinding standard to the flue through the grinder and the conveying fan, and react with the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas in the dry state, and its desulfurization efficiency is also high, generally more than 90%.
活性焦（碳）脫硫是一種物理吸附式脫硫。利用活性焦（碳）的吸附性將煙氣中的二氧化硫吸附在活性焦（碳）內(nèi)，再在解析塔的作用下，不同的溫度壓力下將活性焦（碳）的氣體解析出來，回收純氣體，實(shí)現(xiàn)原料的循環(huán)利用。但其設(shè)備占地較大，并且投資費(fèi)用巨大，因此在小型企業(yè)未得到推廣使用。
Activated coke (carbon) desulfurization is a kind of physical adsorption desulfurization. The sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is adsorbed in the active coke (carbon) by using the adsorptivity of the active coke (carbon), and then the gas of the active coke (carbon) is resolved under different temperature and pressure under the action of the analytical tower, so as to recover the pure gas and realize the recycling of raw materials. But its equipment covers a large area, and the investment cost is huge, so it is not widely used in small enterprises.
The above desulfurization methods are widely used in the market. If you want to know more about environmental protection desulfurization, please consult our official website of biological desulfurization http://www.zzzop.cn .
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2021-04-28
